Some Aspects of Heterogeneous Processes of the Combustion including Two Phases

نویسنده

  • Antoni Jankowski
چکیده

The combustion of fuels, aside from their state concentrations (solid, liquid, gas), always occur in the gas phase. Next gas phase which is the mixture of the fuel and air or the fuel and oxygen, as well as of the fuel and gases containing oxygen can occurs in the form premixed homogeneous or not premixed heterogeneous. Processes of the combustion of liquid fuels and solid are more complicated than combustion of fuel gases. With reference to liquid fuels occur additionally processes of the vaporization of the fuel, and with reference to solid fuels decomposition of the solid phase with processes of melting and vaporization , pyrolysis, or gasification. This simultaneous and also different influence of different parameters is sometimes a reason of incorrect interpretation of experimental results. The study of the theoretical model of the combustion process concerning of liquid fuels and solid and which then the model takes into account also the gasphase , because combustion processes take place in this phase and occurs the interaction of the phase gasand liquid or the solid one. The theoretical model is presented basing on experimental initial researches realized in model with reference to liquid fuels and solid ones. Researches realized in the constant volume chamber with measurements of the pressure during the process of the combustion with the use of quick photography and with measurement of the distribution of the velocity in the spray of the fuel and droplet measurements by means the laser Doppler equipment LDV and PDPA. There were obtained the good agreement of findings experimental researches with the theoretical model. Generally on the combustion velocity of liquid fuels and solid one significant influence has a kind (laminar, temporary and turbulent) and the thickness of the thermal boundary layer. NIEKTORE ASPEKTY HETEROGENICZNYCH PROCESÓW SPALANIA OBEJMUJ CYCH DWIE FAZY Streszczenie Spalanie paliw, niezale nie od ich stanu skupienia (sta ego, ciek ego, gazowego), zawsze wyst puje w fazie gazowej. Z kolei faza gazowa, któr stanowi mieszanina paliwa i powietrza lub paliwa i tlenu, jak równie paliwa i gazów zawieraj cych tlen mo e wyst powa w postaci przemieszanej homogenicznej lub nieprzemieszanej heterogenicznej. Procesy spalania paliw ciek ych i sta ych s bardziej z o one ni paliw gazowych. W odniesieniu do paliw ciek ych wyst puj dodatkowo procesy odparowania paliwa, a w odniesieniu do paliw sta ych rozk ad fazy sta ej z procesami topienia i odparowania, pirolizy, albo gazyfikacji. Jednoczesne i zarazem ró ne oddzia ywanie wielu czynników na procesy spalania jest nieraz powodem b dnej interpretacji wyników bada eksperymentalnych. Opracowano model teoretyczny procesu spalania odnosz cego si do paliw ciek ych i sta ych, który to model uwzgl dnia tak e faz gazow , poniewa same reakcje chemiczne maj miejsce w tej fazie, a ponadto wyst puje wzajemne oddzia ywanie fazy gazowej oraz ciek ej lub sta ej. Model teoretyczny jest zaprezentowany w oparciu o wst pne badania eksperymentalne przeprowadzone w warunkach modelowych w odniesieniu do paliw ciek ych i sta ych. Badania przeprowadzono w komorze o sta ej obj to ci z pomiarami przebiegu ci nienia w czasie procesu spalania z zastosowaniem szybkiego fotografowania oraz pomiarami rozk adu pr dko ci w strudze paliwa i wymiarów kropel za pomoc laserowej aparatury dopplerowskiej LDV i PDPA. Uzyskano dobr zgodno wyników bada eksperymentalnych z modelem teoretycznym. Generalnie na pr dko spalania paliw ciek ych i sta ych istotny wp yw ma rodzaj (laminarna, przej ciowa i turbulentna) i grubo termicznej warstwy przy ciennej.

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تاریخ انتشار 2007